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Qing · Money & Society

How Many Cash to a Liang of Silver

A 1653 coin marked 'one thousandth' promised a thousand cash to a liang of silver. The state kept that rate for two centuries; the market did not.

Five Dynasties & Ten Kingdoms · Money & Society

Eighty to a Hundred: Why Five Dynasties Money Ran Short

An order of 924 fixed eighty cash to the hundred; the market kept short-changing the hundred. Bronze, salt, wine-curd and farm tools: how Five Dynasties money was counted, taxed and melted.

Yuan · Money & Society

How a Sheet of Paper Became Money

A dark grey mulberry-bark note with a death sentence printed on it: how Yuan paper money was printed, priced, exchanged and burned, and why it stopped being worth what it said.

Tang · Money & Society

How a Tang Judgment Was Written: Structure, Allusion, and the Space Between Law and Feeling

Zhang Zhuo's model judgments invent a case, answer it in parallel prose, and invoke “the law has its standing rule” without citing any article. What survives is how judgments were written, not how courts decided.

Ming · Money & Society

From Beijing to Nanjing: A Huizhou Merchant's Road Book

A Huizhou merchant spent twenty-seven years compiling a route book of Ming China: stations from Beijing to Nanjing, 4,320 li to Chengdu, sixty li a stage on one frontier road. It records distance and danger, never price.

Jin (Jurchen) · Money & Society

Inside a Jurchen Military Household: Soldiers, Fields and Property Tax

The Jin Shi gives three different sizes for the same military unit, each dated, and quotas plus realm-wide totals that never add up to one household's fields, tax or conscripts.

Ming · Money & Society

Seven Fen Five Li for Fifteen Brooms: A County Ledger from Wanli Beijing

A Wanping magistrate recorded what one county bought for its altars, tombs and processions, down to the fen and li — and the levies that paid for it. Procurement prices, not retail; a register, not a population.

Song · Money & Society

Five Dou of Rent, Fourteen Years: A Land Case from Southern Song

Two deeds for one field, a rent of five dou a year, and fourteen years in court. A Southern Song judgment lays out the deeds and then turns its anger on a county school that accepted land already sold.

Qin · Money & Society

One Coin, One Bolt of Cloth, One Money Jar: How Qin Law Policed a Market

A single Qin statute on market payments survives: the clerk must drop the coins into a money jar while the payer watches, or be fined a suit of armour. Around it, the cloth standard, the exchange rate and the price tags.